Minna no Nihongo Elementary 1: Lesson 23 vocabulary review
Cover the meaning, recall the word, then read its example. Return to the lesson audio and passage when you cannot explain its use.
Review this lesson
- Read the Japanese and recall its meaning before checking the translation.
- Use the example to check how the word fits a sentence. Explain the distinction in the learning point.
- Open the lesson reader, listen, and note words you still confuse. Revisit them tomorrow.
Lesson vocabulary
法隆寺
Horyu-ji
法隆寺を見学しました。
I toured Horyu-ji.
Learning point
法隆寺 is ほうりゅうじ, a temple's proper name in Nara.
お湯
hot water
お湯を入れてください。
Please add hot water.
Learning point
お湯 is hot water, not necessarily boiling; cool or room-temperature water is usually 水.
出ます
come out; be dispensed
お金を入れると、切符が出ます。
A ticket comes out when you insert the money.
Learning point
出る describes something coming out; deliberately taking it out or submitting it uses 出す.
お釣りが出ます。
change is dispensed
ボタンを押すと、お釣りが出ます。
The machine gives change when you press the button.
Learning point
For a machine dispensing change, use お釣りが出る with the change as the が subject.
―目
…th (ordinal)
二つ目の角を右へ曲がります。
I'll turn right at the second corner.
Learning point
Add 目 after a count for an ordinal, as in 二つ目, rather than an increased quantity.
三つ目
the third
三つ目の駅で降ります。
I'll get off at the third station.
Learning point
三つ目 is みっつめ; clarify the starting point when following directions.
建物
building
あの建物は学校です。
That building is a school.
Learning point
建物 is a general building; ビル often names a substantial commercial or office building.
道
road; way
この道をまっすぐ行きます。
I'll go straight along this road.
Learning point
を in 道を marks the route traveled along.
渡ります
cross
橋を渡ってください。
Please cross the bridge.
Learning point
渡る moves across a space to the other side; the route commonly takes を.
橋を渡ります。
cross a bridge
橋を渡ると、駅があります。
You'll find the station after crossing the bridge.
Learning point
橋を is the route crossed, not an object being carried.
道を渡ります。
cross a road
ここで道を渡ります。
I'll cross the road here.
Learning point
道を渡る crosses from one side of a road to the other, not along it.
聞きます
ask
分からない時、先生に聞きます。
I ask the teacher when I don't understand.
Learning point
聞く can listen or ask; use に for the person asked.
先生に聞きます。
ask a teacher
先生に漢字の読み方を聞きました。
I asked the teacher how to read the kanji.
Learning point
Use に for the person asked and を for the question's subject.
道を聞きます。
ask for directions
駅までの道を聞きます。
I'll ask for directions to the station.
Learning point
道を聞く is the set phrase for asking directions, not literally listening to a road.
回します
turn; rotate; pass around
このつまみを回してください。
Please turn this knob.
Learning point
回す turns an object; 回る describes it rotating on its own.
音
sound
テレビの音が大きいです。
The television is loud.
Learning point
音 commonly describes a produced sound; a person's voice is often 声.
寂しい
lonely
一人でいると寂しいです。
I feel lonely when I'm alone.
Learning point
寂しい can describe someone's loneliness or a place feeling deserted.
何回も
many times
同じ映画を何回も見ました。
I've watched the same film many times.
Learning point
何回も emphasizes repeated occurrences rather than asking how many times.
引きます
pull
ドアを引いてください。
Please pull the door.
Learning point
引く pulls and 押す pushes; the て form of 引く is 引いて.
触ります
touch
この機械に触らないでください。
Please do not touch this machine.
Learning point
The object touched commonly takes に with 触る; 触れる is a related verb.
ドアに触ります。
touch a door
ドアに触らないでください。
Please do not touch the door.
Learning point
触る uses に for the contact target here, unlike ドアを開ける with を.
交差点
intersection
次の交差点で止まってください。
Please stop at the next intersection.
Learning point
交差点 is a road intersection, not necessarily only a four-way crossing.
駐車場
parking lot
駐車場に車を置きます。
I'll leave the car in the parking lot.
Learning point
駐車 means parking; 駐車場 is the place for it.
橋
bridge
橋の上から川を見ました。
I looked at the river from the bridge.
Learning point
橋 is はし, the same kana as 箸; context distinguishes them.
歩きます
walk
毎朝、駅まで歩きます。
I walk to the station every morning.
Learning point
歩いて gives walking as a means; 歩く is the action itself.
サイズ
size
この服のサイズは何ですか。
What size are these clothes?
Learning point
サイズ gives the dimensions or size of clothes, shoes, or objects.
変えます
change; alter
予定を変えます。
I'll change the plan.
Learning point
変える alters a state or arrangement; currency exchange commonly uses 換える.
故障
breakdown; malfunction
機械が故障しています。
The machine is out of order.
Learning point
故障する describes equipment malfunction, not a person's illness.
信号
traffic light; signal
信号が青になりました。
The traffic light turned green.
Learning point
Japanese commonly says 青信号; in traffic English normally translates it as a green light.
曲がります
turn
次の角を左へ曲がります。
I'll turn left at the next corner.
Learning point
Use へ for the turn's direction; 曲がる can also mean bend physically.
右へ曲がります。
turn right
銀行の前を右へ曲がります。
I'll turn right in front of the bank.
Learning point
右へ gives the direction; を can mark the turning point.
角
corner
角にコンビニがあります。
There is a convenience store on the corner.
Learning point
A road corner is かど; compounds concerning angles may use かく.
聖徳太子
Prince Shotoku
聖徳太子について読みました。
I read about Prince Shotoku.
Learning point
This is a historical figure's name, read しょうとくたいし.
These study examples and learning points support review. They do not replace the textbook; meanings follow the lesson context.